Heilongjiang Province is a multi-ethnic frontier province, and it is also a province full of immigrants. Han accounts for 90% or more of the total population of the province. Although the population of ethnic minority is few, the number of the race is on the contrary: there are 10 native ethnic minorities, such as Manchu, Hui, Korean, Mongolian, Daur, Oroqen, Ewenki, Kirgiz, Hoche, and Xibe. These native ethnic minorities have inhabited communities to support their historical change and folk customs. Among them, Manchu, Mongolian, Oroqen, Ewenki, and Daur ethnic have very rich heritage in myth. Among Hoche, Oroqen and Daur, there have been circulating lengthy rap of hero themes for a long time, such as the Hoche’s the "Imams worthy", Oroqen's "Mo Sukun" and Daur’s "Wu Qin", etc., these epic nature of the rap is a valuable asset in Heilongjiang national culture.

In modern times, Heilongjiang province, this multi-ethnic border province, gradually forms a frontier, national, and compatible with the nature of Western civilization characteristics. Since the early Qing Dynasty, "Exiles" and "Xing land " immigration in after lifting the ban, have brought the fusion of fine Chinese tradition, a variety of folk customs and indigenous culture of Heilongjiang. In early 20th century, especially in Heilongjiang Harbin, Heihe, Suifenhe Port, become into an international business center. Russia, Japan, Germany, the Netherlands, France and many other countries in both Eastern and Western countries impacts and exchanges in the different countries’ Characteristics of different ethnic culture with Heilongjiang regional culture on architecture, religion, culture, education, health and other aspects, which becomes an important part of Heilongjiang River in modern civilization.

Heilongjiang Province is rich in non-material cultural heritage resources, and some has entered into the literary and artistic creations in various categories, resulting in a large number of excellent works, and some have entered the ranks of tourism and cultural industries, which have created social and economic benefits. Heilongjiang Provincial Government published the 1st batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list in a total of 57 items on 27 March 2007. Among them, the ones with★ are on the nonmaterial cultural heritage lists, in total 9 items.